Adderall is a CNS stimulant category prescription medication that helps manage ADHD symptoms. This drug contains two primary ingredients amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. 

It belongs to the class of medication known as stimulants that affect the brain’s chemical composition to achieve its desired results. Adderall is the brand name version of the combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. 

You can find Adderall in two formulations:

• Adderall oral tablet (immediate-release)
• Adderall XR (extended-release oral capsules)

Both immediate-release tablets and extended-release capsules are available in generic form. People often prefer to go for the generic version because of its low price. However, the brand name version is usually available in more strengths than its generic counterpart, making it the most viable option for most people. 

Depending on what problem you have, your doctor can recommend this drug’s appropriate variant.

What are the uses of Adderall?

Doctors often consider Adderall as a first-choice treatment option for ADHD. Research shows that this drug can improve attention and focusing ability and control impulsive behaviors. About 75% to 80% of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD experience improved symptoms after using a stimulant, such as Adderall.

In addition to managing ADHD symptoms, doctors recommend using Adderall for people with a specific sleeping disorder called narcolepsy. This medicine can help people with narcolepsy to stay awake during the day. 

How does Adderall work?

The active ingredient in this drug – amphetamine, primarily works by increasing the activity of specific neurotransmitters. The release of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain caused by this drug enhances a person’s ability to focus and concentrate on a given task. 

Adderall also triggers the release of various other hormones and neurotransmitters and the synthesis of ceratin neuropeptides. All these factors combined help people with ADHD control their impulses and focus on the task.

What to know before using Adderall?

Avoid using this drug if you have taken an MAO inhibitor in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction might occur upon mixing this medicine with an MAO inhibitor.

Check if you are allergic to stimulant meds before taking Adderall. Refrain from using this drug if you have any of the following conditions:

• High blood pressure
• Overactive thyroid
• Severe anxiety or agitation
• Glaucoma
• Vascular diseases
• Hardening of the arteries
• Heart disease
• A history of alcohol or drug addiction

Stimulants like Adderall can cause heart attack, stroke, or sudden death in some people. Before taking this drug, inform the doctor if you have:

• Family history of heart disease
• Congenital heart defect
• Hypertension

To confirm Adderall is safe for you, consult a doctor and tell them if you or anyone in your family has or ever had:

• Depression
• Mental illness
• Bipolar disorder
• Aggression
• Seizures or epilepsy
• Liver or kidney disease
• Blood circulation problem 
• Muscle twitches

Consuming Adderall during pregnancy can result in premature birth, low birth weight. Children born to women using this drug during pregnancy often show withdrawal symptoms.

Adderall can also pass into breastmilk and harm the nursing infant. So, avoid breastfeeding if you are using this medicine.

This medicine is not suited for kids under the age of three.

How should you take Adderall?

The typical Adderall dosage is as per the following:

Immediate-release tablet

This tablet is not suitable for anyone under the age of three.

Children – aged 3-5 years

• The initial dose is 2.5 mg taken once or twice a day.
• A doctor can increase the quantity by 2.5mg each week to get the desired results.

People older than 5-years

• The starting quantity is 5 mg taken once or twice daily.
• The doctor can increase the amount by 5mg each week to achieve the expected outcome.

Extended-release capsule

This capsule is not suitable for anyone under the age of six.

Children 6-12 years

• The initial dose is between 5-10 mg taken once a day.
• The doctor can increase the quantity by 5-10 mg weekly to get the optimum benefits.

Children 13-17 years

• The starting dose is 10 mg a day.
• A doctor can increase the amount to 20 mg once a day after the first week if required. 

People older than 17 years

• The initial quantity is 20 mg taken once a day.
• A doctor might increase or decrease the amount depending on the patient’s reaction to the medication. 

Can Adderall be addictive?

Adderall can be habit-forming if not used with caution. The way it alters the brian’s chemical composition makes it an addictive medication. People using Adderall for an extended period can develop a physical or psychological dependence on it. The risk of addiction is higher if you are using more than the prescribed dose.

Even those who use the recommended quantity can develop a dependence on it. So, if you have used this drug as a long-term treatment option, don’t abruptly stop consuming it. If you are willing to terminate the treatment, ask the doctor to reduce the dose gradually. It will help you avoid withdrawal symptoms. 

What are the side effects of Adderall?

Common side effects

• Dizziness
• Anxiety
• Weight loss
• Nausea
• Constipation
• Stomach pain
• Headache
• Trouble sleeping
• Dry mouth
• Lack of appetite

Severe side effects

• Muscle breakdown
• Severe allergic reaction
• Blurred vision
• Irritability
• Aggressive behavior
• Agitation
• Impaired cognition
• Delusional thinking
• Hallucinations
• Depression
• Heart problems
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